Car-truck.



n GARTRUGK. APPLICATION FILED MAB.. 22. 1900. RENEWED JAH. 26. 1904.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

No MODEL.

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PATENTED MAY 3l, 1904. J. A. BRILL-a W. S. ADAMS. 4

CAR TRUCK.

APPLICATION FILED MAB. 22. 1900. RENEWED JAN. 2e. 1904.-

" s SHEETS-SHEET 2.

N0 MODEL.

...Q www wf'z No. 761,353. PATENTED MAYBl, 1904.

' l J. A. BRILL & W. S. ADAMS.

h GAP. TRUCK. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 22. 1900. RENEWED JAN. 26, 1904.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

N0 MODEL.

Walzer www, CLZy' TH: uunms Penas co. momumo.. wAsHxNG'roN. n.04 4

No. 761,353. PATENTED MAY 31,1904. J. A. BRILL L W. s. ADAMS.

GAR TRUCK.

APPLIGATION FILED n.111. 22. 1900. nmmwnn 11111.26.. 1904.

' 5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

No. 701,053. PATBNTED MAY 31, 1004.

J. A. BRILL A. W'. s. ADAMS.

GAR TRUCK.

APPLICATION FILED MAR'. 22, 1900. RBNBWBD JAN. 2e, 1004.

@SHEETS-SHEET 5'..

N0 MODEL.

Np. 761,353.k

JOHN A BEILL AND WALTER s. ADAMS, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYL-l PatentedMay 31, 1904.

VANlA; SAID ADAMS ASSIGNOR TO SAID BRILL.

CAR-TRUCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of LettersvPatent No. 761,353, dated May 31,1904.

Application filed March 22, 1900. Renewed January 26, 1904. Serial110.190,743. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern.-

Beit known that we, JOHN A. BRILL and WALTER S. ADAMS, citizens of theUnited of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, (and whose ,post-oflceaddress iscare of J. G. Brill n Co., of the same place,) have madecertain newand useful Improvements in Car-Trucks, of which the followingis a specification.

Our invention relates generally to the type of pivotal car-truck knownas the maximum'- traction truck, in kwhich large'v drivingwheels,smaller trailing wheels, an eccentrically-located pivotal connection,and a motor connected to the driving-wheels, with'its Weight placedlargely thereon, are employed;

and it is the object of our invention to produce a cross-bolster truckof this type wherein' the weight of the superposed car is taken on thetruck between the axles, having many features of advantage to behereinafter pointed out, and wherein the drawing devices are dis-- posedso as to extend between the truck-bolster or its transoms and the car orbody bolster, while the eccentricity of the pivotalcenter located at thedesired point is maintained.

Our invention further embraces many dev i Fig; 2 is a transverse sectionsubstantially on theline 2 2 in Fig. 6. Fig. 3 is a detail section ontheplane of the line 3 3 in Fig. 2.'

Fig. 4 is a detail section on the plane of the line 4: 4, Fig. 2. Fig..-5 is a detail plan View of a portion of the truck and the carbody,showing the drawing connection between said parts. Fig. 6 is asimilarview, the car-body being removed, a portion of a motor being shown inposition. Fig. ''l lis a detail side view of the truck, showing amodification in the manner of connecting the transom with the side bars.Fig. 8 is a plan View thereof, and Fig. 9 is a detail section on the Iline 9 9 of Fig. 8. States, and residents of .the city and county In theaccompanying drawings similar characters of reference' indicatecorresponding parts'in the several views.

The following is a description of an emi bodiment of our invention. r

The truck-frame we have shown comprises side bars l, yokes 2 3 indifferent horizontal planes, and cross-bars 15 6 7 are axle-boxeslocatedin the yokes '2 3, and springs 89,v in-l terposed between theyokes and the boxes re.-

siliently support the frame upon Said boxes.

Thus it will be seen that the truck we have thus far shown is of themaximum-traction type, in which-the greater weight of the car isintended to be borne by the wheels 10, and it will be understood thatthe form of truck we have illustrated is merely illustrative of a truckto which our improvements may be applied, although the same isoperative.

Upon eachA bar 1 at a point between the yokes 2 3 and preferably as nearthe yokes 3 as they can be conveniently placed are locatedtransom-supports 13, which in the preferred form comprisevertically-disposed plates, eachV being in one piece, preferably, andhaving a horizontally-disposed web 13, that rests upon the side bar 1,so that the lower portion 13C of plate 13 lies against the outer face ofthe side bar 1. The upper'part 1 3d rises above the same, and at theportion 13d above the side bar 1y the plate 13 is `provided withinwardly-extending and vertically-disposed lugs 13b.' 2 and 6;)

Thesetransom supports or plates 13 may be secured to the side bars 1 bybolts and nuts or in othersuitable manner.

The bolster-transoms of the truckfwhich is also referred to herein as across member and which may also be included in the" carbody or weightsupporting means, where those words are broadly employed herein) is (SeeFigs.

secured to these supports 13 and is shown composed of two parallelmetallic beams or plates 14, placed on edge, extending erosswise of thetruck and secured at the ends to the lugs 13 of the transom-supports 13,as by nuts and bolts, the ends of the transoms resting upon the sidebars 1 and abutting against the supports 13, whereby the truck-frame isstrongly braced between the wheels.

In order to bring the transoms 14 well forward toward the driving-wheels10, while at the same time allowing proper space between them andclearance between the forward transom and the adjacent wheels 10, saidforward transom is bent or turned in at 14 at a point within the line ofwheels 10 and at a suflcient distance from said wheels to permit thelatter to have lateral movement relatively to the truck-frame. At theircentral portion the transoms are shown raised above the side bars 1, andfor this purpose the transoms are made angular near their ends-that isto say, their out ends extend downwardly from a point 14". (See Fig. 2.)

The truck or body supporting bolster 15 is resiliently supported fromthe transoms 14 and carries center and side bearings for the car-body.

The bolster we have shown consists of two parallel andvertically-disposed plates or webs 15, which are substantiallytriangular in shape, or broad (as to longitudinal expanse) on top andnarrow on the bottom, placed at such distance apart as to lie betweenthe transoms 14,` so as to play vertically therebetween and in closecontact therewith, Fig. 3. The parts 15 may be cast integral, ifdesired, or otherwise joined together. The general outline of 4thebolster 15 which we prefer is shown in Fig. 2, and it has twoupwardly-projecting portions 15c at its ends that are above the centerportion 15, to which ends side bearings 16 are attached. These bearingsare shown provided with a horizontal rubbing portion 16 and dependingwebs 16", shown located between the plates 15 of the bolster andattached thereto, as by bolts or the like. (See Fig. 1.)

At the central portion .of the bolster is a center bearing comprising inthis special instance two plates 18, which are shown made Similar to thebearings 16S-that is to say, they have a central horizontal portion 18and depending webs 18, that pass between and are attached to the plates15 of the bolster. These plates 16 and 18 serve to brace the plates 15of the bolster laterally as well as acting as bearings for the car-body,as hereinafter described. The cross member or transoms together with thebolster may be broadly termed as a weight or "body-supporting means andis intended, of course, when so used to include this means or any otherused' for the same purpose.

While the side and center plates onthe truck and body are in differenthorizontal places, this does not affect the slight lateral motionrelative to each other to which they are subject when the car passesaround curves, since they are all horizontal and parallel. One or theother, or both, of the eoperating bearings are made large enough so thatthis motion will not separate them by causing one to move off the other,as might occur were they made small.

As before stated, the bolster 15 is resiliently supported from thetransoms 14, and the devices we have shown for this purpose are asfollows: 2() is an upwardly arched and transversely-disposed semi-el l ipticspri n g having its central portion located between and straddled bythe plates 15 of the bolster 15, the web of said bolster resting uponthe top of the strap or band 20 of said spring, and bolts 21, passingthrough said plates beneath the spring, serving to retain said platesand spring firmly in position. rIhe strap 20" of said spring is shownlocated centrally of the bolster, and it projects into vertical slots15" in the plates of said bolster, (see Figs. 2 and 3,) whereby endwisemovement of the spring relatively to the bolster is prevented.

The spring 2() at its ends is resiliently supported from the transoms14, and the means that connect the spring 2O with said transoms arepreferably in pivotal connection with said transoms. The specific meanswe have shown for this purpose consists of two pivotal and extensiblespring-links, one at each end of the spring 20, and each link and itsmeans of support comprises a bolt or hanger 22, (shown provided with anapertured and enlarged eye 22 at its upper end to receive a pivot-pin23, that is carried by the transoms 14,) and may be in the form of abolt provided with a head and nut for convenience in holding it inposition, the hanger 22 -thereby being pivotall y supported between thetransoms, and suitable washers 24 may be interposed between the head 22of the hanger and the transoms to keep the hanger from lateral movement.Near its lower end the hanger 22 has a spring cup or follower 25, whichmay be connected thereto in a suitable or well-known manner, and 26 is aspring coiled around the hanger 22 and resting upon the cup 25. At 27 isa rectangular strap or housing, the top crossbar 27 of which is providedwith an aperture through which the hanger 22 passes and guides, and thestrap or housing 27 receives within it the cup 25 and spring 26 andrests at its upper cross-bar 27 upon said spring, a washer 28 preferablybeing interposed between the cross-bar and the top of said spring. Bythe foregoing means the strap is resiliently supported from the hanger22 and adapted to have vertical movement thereon, and the entire link ismade extensible and permitted to have a transverse swing to allow of thestraightening of the spring 2O or the swing of lOO lbolster-support.

the bolster. By preference these links are outwardly splayed to increasethe stability of the Beneath .the hanger 22 within the strap'27 is asuitable space to receive the end. of the spring 20, the spring` beingattached to said strap or housing, as by bending its end down to enterla slot or groove 1n the said strap, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2.

In Fig. 2 it will be seen that these pivotal and resilientsupports forthe ends of the spring are so hung that they incline outwardly from avertical line passing through their pivots, or, in otherwords, 'theydiverge downwardly and outwardly, the length ofv spring 2O vbeing.sufficient to hold them normally in this position, the elfect of' whichis when the car-.body swings to one side,'as in passing around acurve,to lift that side, and thus compel gravity toassist in stopping thelateral swinging of the car. Another effect is to lift the ends of theelliptic spring whenever the middle is depressed, thuscompensatingpartially, for the downward movement and 4having less effect uponthebody. It willvbe sufficient at present to say that the'weight of the carthat comes Auponthe bolster 15 will be transmitted; tol the springs 26and thence through the hangers 22to the transoms 14,' and thus to thetruck-frame, and the strength of springs 26 may be such that until thespring 2O has been compressed to a predetermined extent the springs'26will not settle farther than the initial load and that thereafter lthesprings 26will be compressed orsettled upon a greater load being appliedto spring20. The relative arrangement of the resistance of the spring,however, maybe varied asmay be found desirable, the principal feature,however, of this part of our invention being that the Vspring 2O, thatsupports the bolster, is

'itself resiliently supported' at its ends from the transoms and insuchmannerl that it may have lateral .movement to a ,sufficient extent.

for properly supporting a car-body on a truck so constituted. In someaspects of our invention the spring-links may be supported at anydesired point on the transoms, and certain combinations are claimed withthis in view, their exact location not being essential thereto.' Thelocation of the links adjacent the wheelgage or beyond the side bearingsis' preferred on account of the long and stable spring-base for thebolster which is thus secured.

As before illustrated, the car body A is supported upon the bolster 15,vandthe weight shown as being supported on the center bearing 18, and itwill be understood that any suitbolster l15. 6o

17 is secured over the center bearing 18 of thetruck, a toptransversebeam 31, having curved ends connected with .the side sills32 of thecar-body, and an linterposed wood fill-l ing 33. It will he seen thatthe portion 3Qa4 of the body-bolster is above the center bearthe truckside bearings 16, which bearings 34C may be in the form of dependingcastings 34a, attached to the body-bolster and having horizontal plates34, adapted to `bear on the plates 16. l

We have shown the superposed weight as beingcarried bythe. centerbearing; but, if preferred, the weight ofthe ear-body may be taken on ordistributed over all three bearings on the bolster 15er upon the sidebearings 16 alonethat isto the exclusionof the centerbearings' (in whichlatter event the center bearings may be dispensed with) the peculiarspring-support for the same beneath and at the center allowing and atthe same time resisting the rolling and rocking action of the car. Itwill be noticed that the rocking point or center of oscillation of thebody and bolsters is substantially at the connection of thetruck-bolster with the semielliptic spring, and is thus below the top orupper journals of the spring-links supported upon the truck-transoms, orit may be at some other pointin the length of said spring. v Thisconnection of the body and truck makes it a very easy riding car, sinceit is entirely elastic throughout, even in the rocking motion aboveexplained, rand consequently throws` less lstrain upon both the ,bodyand truck structures,vthus prolongingthe life of the cara. The fact alsoof locating the points of suspension and rocking points low on the framelowers also the center of gravity of, the car and renders it more stablethan the ordinary car whose center of' oscillation or rocking pointsaresubstantially at the center bearings of car and. truck bolsters, andthus above the points of suspension of the upper ends of thesupporting-links.

As stated, the truck-bolsteris located as near the driving-Wheels 10 aspossible to in- 4 crease the traction. As a consequence of the vkeeping.the small wheels upon the track;

but when the bolster, withits ordinary swivel connections, is placedaway from the drivingaxle the driving-wheels are subject to considerablemovement about the pivotal center as an axis when rounding curves. To.prof y Vide room for .this action, it has been usual to either make thecar-body wide to allow room IOO I.IO

for the wheels to radiate between the sills or to raise the car-bodyabove the wheels, either of which may be and generally is extremelyobjectionable. In order, therefore, to maintain the low-hungbolsterplaced inside and near the driving-wheels and at the same timepermit the truck to be used with a narrow car and to reduce thevariation of the driving-wheels to a minimum, the swiveling or pivotalcenter (which may be a mechanical or theoretical point) or pivotalconnection between the car-body and the truck is located over (or near)the driving-axle and preferably on its longitudinal center, asillustrated in Fig. 6, and connect it with the truck and body by asuitable drawing device, whereby the car-bod y sills or structure may beplaced very close to the sides ofthe wheels, and thelatter may extend upas far as desired to the car bottom or platform construction. This isaccomplished by the following arrangement: From the position of transoms14 shown it will be understood that the weight of the earbody comes onthe truck at a point nearer the driving-wheels 10 than thetrailing-wheels 12, and it will also be understood from the constructionhereinafter described that the truck swivels or pivots beneath thecar-body at a point coincident with that of the members 36 and 38, Fig.5, the center bearings 17 18 and the cooperating side bearings beingflat or otherwise formed, asexplained, to permit the lateral movementbetween them at this time.

To the forward transom 14 is attached a bracket or member 36, Figs. 3,6, which is shown substantially V -shaped, triangular,

. and upwardly curved and extends forwardly toward the adjacent axle 10and upwardly to a point in the center longitudinal line of the car,where it is provided with an opening 36, preferably formed in anenlargement or head 37, or, in other words, from the head 37 two armsproject outwardly, downwardly, and toward the transom 14, the center ofthe opening 36a being preferably over the longi-tudinal axis of thedriving-axle 11. This bracket may be secured to the transom in anysuitable manner, as by bolts or the like.

To the body-bolster is attached a draw-bar 38, Figs. 3 and 5, which islocated above the bracket 36 and is substantially in similar form andprovided with a head portion 39, having an aperture 39a, or, in otherwords, the drawbar has two arms projecting outwardly from an apex at 39in the general direction of the arms of the bracket 36. This draw-bar issubstantially and in many aspects a part of the body-bolster, and ourinvention in its broad aspects would be present if the body-bolster andits bearings were made in one integral or component piece with thedraw-bar.

The draw-bar 38 is pivotally connected with the body-bolster and is alsoso connected therewith that said parts may have lateral movementrelatively to each other.

le have shown the ends of the arms of the draw-bar 38 as provided withenlargements 38, having apertures that freely receive a pivot pin or bar40, that is attached to the bolster, as by means of brackets 41, securedto or forming part of the bolster. (See Figs. 1 and There is a spacebetween each bracket 41 and the adjacent end 38L of the draw-bar 38, inwhich space is located a spring 42, that is disposed about the rod 40and bears at one end against the bracket 41 and at the opposite endagainst the end 38 of the draw-bar. (See Fig. 5.) By preference the endsof the drawbars are braced laterally, and we have shown such a brace asconsisting of a tube 43, mounted upon the rod 40 and extending betweenthe ends 38 of the draw-bar and bearing against the same, whereby thearms of the draw-bar are kept from being pressed toward each other.

1t will be understood from the foregoing that the draw-bar 38 is pivotedto the bolster, so as to have vertical play and also can have lateralmovement along the rod 40. (or the rod 40 can move through the openingsin the arms ofthe draw-bar and the tube,) and the springs 42 tend tokeep the draw-bar centered relatively to the bolster. The d raw-bar ispivotally connected with the bracket 36, and for this purpose theopening 361L in said bracket and opening 39" in the draw-bar are alined(see Fig. 3) and receive a drawing-pin 44, which is shown provided withan enlarged head 44, and a pin or the like 45 beneath the bracket 36serves to retain the same in position.

It will be seen from Figs. 1 and 3 that the draw-bar 38 rests at itsfree end upon the bracket 36, and to allow for the vertical movements ofthe truck and car-body relatively to each other at the draw-pin 44 theopening 39 ofthe draw-bar is made su liiciently large to enable thedraw-bar to have free movement within certain limits upon the pin 44.(See Fig. From the foregoing it will be understood that as the truck isdriven it will communicate motion t0 the car-body through the medium ofthe bracket 36, pin 44, and draw-bar 38. lt will be seen also that thepivotal point of the car on the truck is at the pin 44, or, in otherwords, is between the union of the bracket 216 and the draw-bar 38thatis, at the draw-pin 44and that this point may be located either withinor outside of the wheel-base; but it is preferably located, as shown inFigs. 1 and 5, in line with the center of axle 11 and on the centrallongitudinal axis of the truck. It will be understood, therefore, thatas the truck swivels beneath the car-body, as in rounding a curve in thetrack, if any lateral strain is placed upon the draw-bar thebody-bolster may move laterally independently relatively to saiddrawbar, and the spring 42 will allow such movement, and when the truckstraightens again beneath the car-body said spring will move TOO thedraw-bar back to its normal position. Ordinarily the truck andbody-bolster bearings would slide laterally relatively to each other atsuch times; but the springs 42 provide a yielding connection thebetterto'accomplish this action and to guard against injury from sudden jarsor strains. It will be apparent that these parts constituting the swivelconnection between the truck and body-bolster or carmay be variedlargely, yet all tending to the same end-viz.,V that of swiveling overor near the driving-axle-and while the above has been describedwithreference to the details of construction the invention is not to belimited thereto, for we are the lirst to provide an outside swivelconnection for the purposes described or for accomplishing theresults-sought, and hold all such changes, alterations, andmodifications to be within the 9 the transom-support 13 is composed of aplate having an inwardly-projecting 'web or ledge ct, upon vwhich theends of the transoms inner face of the side bar 1 ot' the truck, and asan additional support for said plate upon the side bar` an angle pieceor L-shaped bar b is .riveted or otherwise attached to the outer face ofplate 13 and rests upon the side bar 1, as clearly shown in Fig. 9. Thispart thereby assists .in sustaining the weight of plate 13 and itssuperposed parts upon the side bar 1.

The free ends of the bar 14 of the transom are shown bent sidewise at-14c and bolted to the plate 13 and resting upon the ledge-c. We do notlimit our invention to the specific details of construction herein shownand described, nor as rto certain features to their describedcombination, as they may be varied Without departing from l We claim- 1.A truck of the maximum-traction type having large and small wheels, anda Jframe, combined with a transversely-disposed bolster and transomslocated nearer the large than the the spirit thereof.

small wheels, and means for establishing a,

spring, and transversely-swinging links supported from the truck-frameand suspendin 'the ends ofthe said spring.

A3. In a car-truck, the combination with the i frame and thetransversely-disposed upwardly-arched semi-elliptic spring, the bolstersuperposedupon the central portion of the spring, andtransversely-swinging extensible links having interposed springs toresist such extension supported from the truck-frame and `of saidsemi-elliptic spring.

5. In a car-truck, the combination with the truck-frame having a crossmember, of a bodysupporting bolster on a spring forming a seat for saidbolster, other springs on said crossl member, and movable connections'between these springs and the lirst-named springs.

. 6. In a truck, the combination with a truckframe, of a bolstercombined with a cross member of said frame for lateral movement, 14rest, the plate 13 being bolted along the.'

a spring upon which the said'bolster rests,

rods or bolts extending from said cross member, and movable connectionsbetween the said spring and the said rods o r bolts.

7. In a car-truck, lthe combination with a truck-frame, a bolstermovably combined with v a cross member of said frame, a semi-ellipticspring suspended from the said cross member and rupon the centralportion of which the bolster bears, the links extendingthrough saidcross member and connected with said vsemi-elliptic spring, and springscombined with said links for supporting'said semi-elliptic springs. V 'Y8. In a car-truck, the combination with the frame havinga cross member,a bolster combined with said member,.a semi-elliptic spring below thecross member and supporting the bolster at its central portion,coil-springs upon g said cross member on each side of the bolster,

and links for supporting the semielliptic spring having acompressingengagement with theupper ends of said coil-springs.

9. Ina car-truck, the frame having a cross member, sustaining aplurality of spring-holders, of a bolster combined with the said member,a'semi-ellip'tic spring below the said member and engaged at its centralportion by the pendent portion. of said bolster, the coilsprings seatedin the holders, the rods or bolts having caps engaging said coil-springsand extending through the cross member, and link bearing intermediateVthe side members of the .spring connecting said links to said center yframe, and other springs connecting the links to said frame.

' 11. In a car-truck, the combination with a truck-frame, of abody-supporting swing-bolster spring-seated on a cross member of saidframe by a semi-elliptic spring, and swinglinks with interposedcoil-springs.

12. In acar-truck` the combination with the truck-frame, of abody-supporting bolster,

and means for supporting the same comprising the semi-elliptic springsuspended transversely within the truck-frame by eXtensible and swinginglinks having interposed coilsprings.

13. In a car, the combination with a truckframe, having a cross member`of a body-supporting bolster, and means for supporting the same withinthe said cross member comprising the semi-elliptic spring suspendedwithin the cross member by the extensible links with interposedcoil-springs, the links being hung to swing transversely of the truck insaid cross member.

14. In aear-truck, the combination with the truck-frame, having aspacedcross member, of a body-supporting bolster located within said member, aleaf-spring supporting said bolster, and a set of link-connected andpivotallysupported springs extending through said cross member, andincluded in the means for suspending the leaf-spring from said crossmember.

15. In a car-truck, the combination of a transom and a bolster, alateral support for the bolster` with means for resiliently suspendingsaid support from said transom.

16. In a ear-truck, the combination of a transom, with a bolster, alaterally-disposed spring connected with and supporting said bolster,and means for resiliently supporting said spring secured thereto at itsends and pivotally suspended from said transom. Y

17. In a ear-truck, the combination of a transom with a bolster having acenter bearing, a spring connection with said bolster beneath saidbearing, and means for rcsiliently supporting said spring from saidtransom.

18. In a car-truck, the combination of a transom, with a bolster havinga center .bearing and side bearings, a spring connected with saidbolster beneath said bearings, and means for resiliently supporting saidspring upon said transom.

19. In a car-truck, the combination with a transom, of a bolster havingside-bearings V adjacent its ends, and spring-supporting said bolsterfrom a point between the side bearings, and means for resiliently andpivotally supporting said spring from said transom.

20. In a car-truck, the combination of the transom, with a bolsterhaving side bearings adjacent its ends, a laterally-disposed springsupporting the bolster intermediate of its ends and pivotal andresilient means supporting the ends ot' the spring from the transom at apoint beyond said bearings.

21. In a car-truck, the combination of a transom, with a bolstercomprising a pair oi substantially parallel plates, a spring securedbetween said plates and means Jfor supporting said spring from saidtransom.

22. In a car-truck, a transom comprising two substantially parallelplates or beams having a space between them, with a bolster locatedbetween said plates or beams, a spring secured to said bolster, andmeans for snspending said spring between said plates or beams.

23. In acar-truck, a transom comprisintwo substantially parallel platesor beams having a space between them, with a bolster located betweensaid plates or beams, a spring` secured to said bolster, and springsconnected with and supported from said transom and also connected withthe iirst-mentioned spring.

24. In a car-truck, the combination ot' a transom with a bolster, asemi-elliptic spring secured thereto, and springs attached to saidtransom and connected with said sen'ii-elliptic spring to support thesame.

25. In acar-truck, the combination el a transom with a bolster, asemi-elliptic spring connected therewith, a pair of springs pivotallysupported by said transom so as to have a lateral movement, and meansfor connecting said springs with the inst-mentioned spring.

26. In acar-truck, the combination of a transom with a bolster, asemi-elliptic spring connected therewith, apair of springs suspendedfrom the transom, and means for connecting the ends of theiirst-mentioned spring with the second -mentioned springs so that theweight transmitted by the irstmentioned spring will act to compress thesecond-mentioned springs.

27. In a car-truck, the combination oi a transom with a bolster, aspring connected therewith, a pair otl springs, supports for saidsprings attached to the transom and upon which said springs rest, andconnections between the upper ends of said springs and the ends of theirst-mentioned spring for supporting the latter on the former.

28. rIhe combination in a car-truck of the transom, with abolster, aspring secured thereto, a pair oitl spring-supliorts attached to saidtransom, spring-cups carried by said supports, springs resting upon saidcups, and straps or housings connecting said springs with the free endsof the iirst-mentioned spring.

29. In a car-truck, the combination oi a transom extending between theside frames, with a lateral bolster, a laterally-disposed leafspringsecured thereto, a pair of spring-supports hung from the transom, andstraps or housings connecting said springs with the free ends of thefirst-mentioned spring.

lOO

` 30. In a car-truck, the combination of a tranL soin with a bolster, vaspring connected-with said bolster, a vpair of spring-supports hung uponbarsor bolts carried by said transom and depending therefrom,spring-cups carried by said supports, springs upon said spring-cups,

. and straps having apertures to receive said supports whereby they areguided and em- .brace said springs, the free ends ol' the lirstmentionedspring being attached to said straps.

or housings. ,4

3l. In a car-truck, a transom comprising al pair of substantiallyparallel plates or beams,

combined with a bolster and a semi-elliptic som with a bolsterresiliently supported there-v 'the iirst-mentioned spring. 1.

33. In a car-truck, the combination of a trannormally extend downwardlyand outwardly and which are connected to the free ends of som, abolster, the transverse leaf-spring, and means comprising pivotal andspring links for resiliently supporting the leaf-springy from thetransom, and a center bearingcarried by the bolster, the `connection ofthe bolster and leaf-spring being in line with the center bearing, theside bearings being located between the'pivotal support of the links.

34. In a car-truck the combination of a tranfrom, said bolster havingits ends raised above its central top portion, a center bearing securedto the central portion below the plane of its ends, and side bearingssecured to its ends above the central bearing. v

35. A bolster comprising juxtaposed plates spaced apart, bearingsextending between and tying the` tops of the plates together, and aconnection between the lower ends .of said plates. Y

36. A bolster comprising vertically-dis-l posed juxtaposed plates spacedapart, saidA plates having an intermediate depression and elevated ends,bearings extending between the said elevated ends and tying the platesto.-

getlier at the top, and a connection for the lower edge of said plates.Y

' 37. A bolster comprising the vertically-disposed juxtaposed platesspacedapart, having intermediate depressions at the top, elevated ends,and downwardly-extending projections below said depression, bearingssecured at the elevated ends and tying the plates together,

projections and a connection extending through the said 38. In acarftruek, -a bolster comprising vertically-disposed juxtaposed platesspaced apart, the plateshaving an intermediate depression, an elevatedVend at the top, and a downwardly extending projection, l bearingssecured in the elevated ends and tying the plates together, and asemi-elliptic leaf-spring secured between the plates at the saidprojecjtion, and means for. supporting the ends of said leaf-spring fromthe truck-frame.

39. In a car-truck, a bolster having elevated ends and side bearingsthereon, a spring beneath the center of said bolster on which Ait rests,and means forsustaining said spring from the truck-frame.

40. In a car-truck, a truck-frame, combined with a bolsterhavingelevated endsand side bearings thereon, a spring supporting saidbolster at its center` and swing-links supporting the said spring fromthe truck-frame.

41. In a car-truck, a bolsterhaving elevated ends and side bearingsthereon, a semi-elliptic spring, supporting at its center the center ofthe said bolster, and means to flexibly support .the ends of the springfrom the truck-frame.

- 42. i In a caretruck, a bolster having. elevated ends and sidebearings thereon, ay semi-elliptic spring beneath the center of thebolster and to which it is secured, and swing spring-links secured tothe frame and carrying the endsof said elliptic spring.

- 43. In acar, the combination with thetruckframe and a bolster thereforhaving side bearings disposed away from. its center, and upon which acar-body may rest, of a laterally-disf posed leaf-spring providing asupport at. its lcenter -for the bolster, connected at its ends IOO withand pivoted tothe truck-frame, and upon either or both of which `pointsthe bolster is adapted to rock.

44. In a car, 'the combination with a. truck, a

.bolster upon which the car-body may rest, of

a laterally-disposed center support for the bolster, the support itselfbeing flexibly connected at its ends to the truck-frame to provide for arocking movement of the bolster l upon the center of said support andits ends.'

45. In a car-truck, a bolster substantially triangular'in form andhaving side bearings on the top side for a car-body, a spring secured tothe apex of the bolster to support it, and

46. In a car-truck, a bolster comprising two I Ido means to flexibl ysupport said spring fromthe 1 truck-frame.

plates spaced apart and secured togetherby interposed pieces, bearingson. top oi' said located and clamped between said plates. and sustainingthesame', and means for sustaining the said spring from the frame.

47. In a car-truck, a bolster comprising two vertical plates havingbearing-platessecured pieces, asemi-ellipticspring having its leaves tothem on top, their lower edge being notched, a semi-elliptic springlocated between said plates, the band about the center of said springfitting in said notches in the plates and means for securing said springand plates together for supporting the latter.

48. In a car-truck, a bolster, bearing-plates on top of the bolster tocarry the weight of the car, and a resilient support for the bolsterbeneath and at the center of the bolster upon which the usual rockingmotion is permitted, and pivotal connections between the ends of thesupport and truck-frame.

49. The combination, with a car-body, of a truck having a frame, aresilient support for the car-body, links suspending the support fromthe frame, the rocking point or center of oscillation of the body allthe support being below the points of suspension ot' the links upon theframe.

50. The combination with a car-body, of a truck having a frame, alateral spring-support for the body, swing-links suspending the ends ofsaid support from the transom, and means whereby the center ofoscillation of the body upon the support is placed below the points ofsuspension of the links.

51. The combination, with a car-body, of a truck having a frame, atransom extending across the frame, a support for the car-bodycomprising a laterally-disposed leaf-spring, links suspending the endsof the spring from the transom, the ear-body being carried by saidspring at its center and below the points of suspension of the links.

52. The combination with a car-body, of a truck-frame, a bolster onwhich the car-body rests, a semi-elliptic spring suspended by links fromthe frame and supporting said bolster at its center, the rocking pointof the car-body being substantially at the center of said spring andbelow the upper ends of the links.

53. In a car-truck, the combination with a v truck-frame, of a car-bodysupport flexibly suspended fromthe frame, the center of oscillation ofsaid support being located below its points of suspension on the frame.

54. In a car-truck, the combination with a truck-frame, of a bolsterflexibly suspended from the frame and having its rocking point locatedbelow its points of suspension on the frame. n

55. In a ear-truck, the combination with a frame, of a car-body supportsuspended from theframe and capable of a transverse oscillation, thecenter of oscillation of said support being located below its points ofsuspension on the frame.l

56. In a car-truck, a bolster broad on top and narrow at the bottom,bearing-plates located on the top, combined with a spring secured to thenarrow part at the bottom, and means for supporting the spring on thetruckframe.

57. In a car-truck, a bolster comprising vertical plates spaced a slightdistance apart and secured together by pieces, one of said piecescomprising a horizontal web centrally located, the lower edges oi' saidvertical plates being centrally notched, a semi elliptic spring locatedbetween said plates with its central band iitting snugly in saidnotches, the said plates bearing on the top of the spring, and boltsextending through said plates beneath the spring at the sides of thenotches.

58. In a car-truck, a bolster having side bearings, a semi-elli pticspring supporting said bolster at its center, and means to suspend saidspring from the truck-frame, the points ol suspension of the said springbeing outside oi the side bearings.

59. In a car-truck, the combination oi a transom with a bolster, asemi-elliptic spring connected therewith, a pair of springs sustained bythe transom, and means for connecting the ends of the iirst-mentionedspring with the second-mentioned springs so that the weight transmittedby the iirstmentioned spring will act to compress the second-men tionedsprings.

60. The combination in a car-truck, of the side frames, springssuspended from a cross member of said frames, a resilient membertransversely suspended by said springs, and a bolster resting on saidmember.

61. The combination in a car-truck, of the truck-framc, thetransversely-disposed semielliptic spring movably and resilientlysnspended Afrom the frame, and a bolster secured to said spring.

62. The combination in a car-truck, of the truck-frame, spring-linksdepending from a lateral member of the i'ramc, a semi-elliptic spring,transversely disposed and connecting` the links, and means forconnecting said elliptic spring with a car-body.

63. The combination in a car-truck, oi the side frames supported outsideof the wheelgage, extensible and spring links connected with said framelaterally thereof', a transverse semi-elliptic spring supported by saidlinks, and a bolster on said latter spring.

64. The combination in a car-truck, oi the side frames having axle-boxpedestals, a semielliptic spring lying transversely across said frame, apivotal spring suspension i'or the ends of said semi-elliptic springfrom the frame of the truck, and a bolster supported on said ellipticspring.

65. In a car-truck, the combi nation with the side frames havingaxle-box pedestals, a transom, the bolster, a transversely-disposedresilient support for the bolster, said support being coextensivctherewith, and resi lient connections between the endsotl said supportand the transom.

66. In a car-truck, the combination with the side frames, eachcomprising two pedestals and a beam connecting them, of acar-bodysupporting bolster, a single semi elliptic IOO IIO

lIo

spring disposed transversely between the side frames and connected withthe center of the bolster, and spring-link appliances connected to theends ofl said elliptic spring and iiexibly supported at their upper endson the truckframe. v

67. In a car the combination of 'a truck having a bolster anda transom,a bracket secured to the transom and extending forwardly to the adjacentaxle, with a car-bodyy supported on said bolster, and a draw-barconnecteol` with said car-body and also connected with said 68. Thecombination of a truck having a transom, a car-body supported on thetransom by an interposed bolster, and a drawing connection between thecar-body and the transom comprising two parts pivoted togetherintermediate of their connection with the car and truck, the pivotalpoint between said parts tively thereto.

70. The combination of a car-truck having- `a transom witha bracket orarm extending therefrom, with a car-body supported upon the transom byan interposed bolster, a drawbar pivotallyconnected with said car-bodyand .to said arm, so that one of said parts can have lateral movementrelatively to the other, and

a pivotal connection between the draw-bar and said arm.

7l. The combination of a truck having al transom and an arm or bracketextending therefrom, with a car-body supported on said .transom by aninterposed bolster, a draw-bar pivotally connected with said bracket,pivotal means connecting the draw-bar with the carbody so that the partsmay have vertical and vlateral movement relatively to each other, and

means for resiliently opposing the lateral movement of one partrelatively to the other. 7 2. The combination of a car-truck having atransom and a bracket extend ing therefrom, .with acar-body supportedupon said transom Aby an interposed bolster, a draw-bar pivotallyconnected with said bracket and having two arms that are journaled on asupporting-rod jcarried by the car-body, and springs interposed betweenthe arms of the draw-barand the supports for the pivotal rod. '7 3.' Thecombination of a car-truck having atransom and a bracketextendingtherefrom,

with a car-body supported upon said transom, a draw bar pivotallyconnected with said bracket and having a pair of arms, a pairofbracketssupported by the car-body, a rod carried by said brackets, saiddraw-bar being supported by said rod and having a space between itsendsand the supports for the rod, and springs interposed between saidsupports and the arms of the draw-bar. Y

7 4. The combination of` a car-truck having a transom and a bracketextending'therefrom,

with a car-body supported on said transom,.a

dra w-bar pivotallyconnected with said bracket and having a pair ofarms, a pair of brackets supported by the car-body, a rod carried .bysaid brackets, said draw-bar .being supported Aby said rod and having aspace between its ends and the supports for the rod, springs interposedbetween said supports and the arms of the draw-bar, and means forbracing the arms of the draw-bar laterally.

75. The combination of a car-truck having a transom and a bracketextending therefrom, with a car-body supported upon said transom, a drawbar pivotally connected with said bracket andA having a pair of arms, apair of brackets lsupported by the car-body, a rod carried by saidbrackets, said draw-bar being vsupported by said rod and having a spacebe,.- Vtween its ends and the supports for therod,

springs interposed between said supports and .the armsof the d raw-bar,and a tube mounted upon .said rod andinterposed between the arms of thedraw-bar to prevent the same from moving toward each other.

76. In a car, the combination of atruck hav-` I ing wheels,atransversebolster between'the wheels and a car-body, with a draw-barconnecting truck and car, consisting of two parts, one part beingconnected to the truck within i the wheel-base andthe other tothe bodyover IOO ing an elementtransversely thereof, and withl in the wheel-baseand a car-body, a draw-bar s connecting them and consisting of twoparts, one part being connected to said transversev element and theother to the body by a pivotal union, and both parts extending out,-wardly toward the adjacent axle and pivotall y connected at their outer.ends.

78. In a car, the combination of a truck and, a carbody, a drawbarconnecting them consisting of two parts,` one part being connected tothe truck and the other by a laterally-movable connection to the' carbody, and both parts extending outwardlytoward the adjacent axle andpivotally connected at the outer ends. v

7 9. In a car, the combination of a truck and a car-body, a draw-barconnecting them v'consisting of two parts, one part being connected tothe truck and the other to the body by ra spring-opposedlaterally-movable connection, and both parts extending outwardly towardthe adjacent axle and their outer ends.

80'. In a car, the combination of a truck and car-body, truck and bodybolsters, intervening pivotal devices, comprising a two -part draw-barextending outwardly as to each part from the truck and the body bolster,and pivotally united at their outer ends Jfor horizontal movement.

81. In a car, the combination with the carbody and truck, atruck-bolster and a bodybolster, two-partdraw-bar articulated forpivoting between its ends, the said ends being connected one with thebody and the other with the truck adjacent the respective bolsters.

82. In a truck, a drawing device consisting of a bar extending from apoint adjacent the bolster toward an axle, another bar over the saidiirst bar and extending away from the said axle, and a pivot-boltpassing through apertures in their ends adjacent the axle.

83. In a car, the combination of a truck and a car-body, two barssecured to verticallyalined portions of the car and truck, and pivotallysecured together at their outer ends.

84:. The combination with the truck having a transom, axles and wheels,a draw-bar comprising a bar aiiixed to the transom and extendingforwardly between the axles, a rearwardly-extending bar adapted to besecured to the ear-body, and a pivot-bolt connecting the two bars.

85. In a truck-frame, large and small wheels, axles therefor,- a transomextending between the sides of'X the frame and within the axles, abolster Asupported by said transom having means for supporting acar-body thereon, and a draw-bar comprising a bar afHxed to the transom,and extending to and over the axle of the larger wheels, arearwardly-extending;

bar adapted to be secured to a car-body above the transom, and apivot-bolt connecting lthe two bars over the axles of the larger wheels.

86. In a car, the combination of a car-body anda truck, the truck havinglarge and small wheels, a bolster extending transversely of the truckbetween the wheels and adjacent the larger'wheels, and a triangulardrawing member secured to the truck-frame adjacent the bolster, anotherangular drawing member secured to the car-body, and means for pivotingtheir apices together.

87. In a'car,the combination with a car-body and truck, the truck havinglarge drivingwheels and smalltrailing wheels, and a bolster supported bythe truck frame between the axles and adjacent the larger wheels, of adrawing member secured to the car-body and having converging sides,another member carried by the truck and lying beneath the body member,and means for pivoting said members together at their narrow ends.

88. In a ear, the combination with a truck and car-body, of a barforming a part ot' a pivotally connected aty drawing device adapted tobe secured to the car-body and extending toward the axle oi the truck,another bar secured to the truck adjacent the bolster and lying beneaththe former, and means for pivoting said bars together at their extendedends.

89. In a car, the combination with a carbody and a truck having a frameand a transverse weight-supporting means extending transversely betweenthe sides of the frame and within the wheel-base, a drawing membersecured thereto and extending toward the near-by axle, another membersecured immediately above to the car-body, and pivotal means forconnecting said two members at .their extended ends for swivelingpurposes.

90. The combination of a car-body, the truck-frame, the wheels andaxles, a transverse bod y-supporting means located between the axles andsupported on the truck-frame, a swivel member secured to the saidsupporting means, a swivel member secured to the ear-body over the othermember,and a swivelbolt connecting the said swivel members, over one ofthe axles.

91. The combination of a car-truck h aving a frame and a transomconnected therewith, a spring extending transversely of the truck andmovabl y secured to the transom, a bolster carried by said spring, acar-bod y above said bolster, and a draw-bar connected with saidtransom, and with said car-body.

92. rIhe combination of a car-truck having a cross member, a springextending transversely thereof and adjacent the cross member, andmovably supported by the cross member, a bolster supported by saidspring; the spring, cross member and bolster constituting car-supporting means, a car-bod y above said bolster, and a draw-bar connected withthe cross member and with the car-body.

93. The combination of a truck having a cross member, a spring extendingtransversely thereof, and adjacent the cross member, and movablysupported by the cross member, a bolster supported by the spring; thespring, cross member and bolster constitu ting the carsupporting means,and a draw-bar connected with said cross meinber, and adapted to besecured to a car-body.

94. The combination of a car-truck, of a cross member, anupwardly-arched semi-elliptic spring extending transversely thereofadjacent the cross member, and movably supported by said cross member, abolster supported intermediate of its ends upon the arch of saidspring', and adraw-bar connected with said cross member, and adapted tobe secured to a car-body.

95. The combination in a car-truck, of a cross member, anupwardly-arched semi-elliptic spring extending transversely of the truckand movabl y supported by said cross member, a bolster supportedintermediate of its ends upon the arch of said spring, and a draw-barIOO lIO

secured to said crossmember and extending toward one of the truck-axles,and adapted to be secured to a car-body.

96. rIhe combination in a car-truck having large driving-Wheels andsmall trailing Wheels, of a truck-frame, a bolster, a transom extendingbetween the side members of the frame, a transversely-extending springsupported by said transom and supporting the bolster, a carbody abovesaid bolster, the transom and spring and bolster being located adjacentthe driving-Wheels,and a draw-bar connected with said transom and withsaid car-body.

97. The combination in a car-truck having large driving-Wheels and smalltrailing Wheels, a truck frame, a transversely extending spring, and atransom and a bolster constituting car-supporting means locatedeccentrically of the'truek-axles, and adjacent the driving-Wheels, acar-body, and a draw-bar connected with said transom and With thecarbody. y

98. rlhe combination in a car-truck having large driving-Wheels andsmall trailing Wheels, of a truck-frame, a transom, and upwardlyarchedsemi-elliptic spring extendingv transversely of the truck adjacent thetransom, and

y movably supported thereby; vthe transom, bolelliptic spring extendingtransversely thereof, and supported by the frame, a bolstersupportedintermediate of its ends upon the arch Aof said spring; the spring andits support betoward theaxle of the driving-Wheels, and

means for pivotally securing a car-body to the' outer end of saiddraw-bar. A

100.. The combination in a truck having large driving-Wheels and smalltrailing Wheels,

a truck-frame, a cross-bar, a bolster springsupported from the saidcross-bar nearer the driving than the trailing Wheels, and a drawbarextendingfrom said cross-bar toward and adjacent the axle of saiddrivingwheels.

101.' In a car-truck having large driving and small trailing Wheels, thecombination of a truck-frame, and a bolsterspring-supported 'upon saidframe eccentrically of the axles of said Wheels and adjacent thedriving-Wheels, a draw-bar extending from the spring-support toward theaxle of the driving-wheels,

and means for pivotally securing a car-body.

to the outer end of said draw-bar.

Signed in the city and county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania,this 27th day of December, 1899.

JOHN A. BRILL. WALTER s. ADAMS.

Witnesses:

yT.'H. MEULINGS, Jr.,

WM. J. FERDINAND.

